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他说着开始用回忆性的语调道：“兰州资源环境职业技术大学，等到20年后，兰州资源环境职业技术大学的时候，也读不进去了……” 逃脱的陈容熙躲到陈易身后，低着嗓子道：“二哥，看在你顶缸的份上，赏你同去烧烤的资格。

预测性对快速读者和慢速读者词汇加工的影响 作者： 张慢慢 1,2,3 胡惠兰 2 张志超 2 李鑫 2 汪强 1,2,3 白学军 1,2,3 臧传丽 1,2,3 作者单位： 1. 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院 2. 天津师范大学心理学部 3. 学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室, 天津 300387 提交时间： 2023-03-27 摘要: 本研究借助眼动仪通过两个实验考察了熟练阅读中快速读者与慢速读者对语境预测性的利用是否有差异。实验1比较快速组与慢速组在中央凹加工高、低预测词的差异。实验2对比两组读者利用副中央凹预视(相同、相似假字、低预测词和不相似假字)加工高预测词的差异。实验1结果显示两组读者有相似的预测性效应：对高预测词的注视时间比低预测词更短。实验2结果显示两组读者的预视效应存在差异：慢速组在相同预视下对目标词的跳读率高于低预测预视, 而快速组在这两种预视下的跳读率差异不明显但高于慢速组; 慢速组在低预测和不相似预视下注视目标词的时间分别长于相同预视, 而快速组的这两种效应较小。结果表明, 两组读者利用预测性的差异表现在副中央凹加工阶段, 即慢速读者比快速读者利用相似预视激活预测性信息的效率更低, 且在低预测或无效预视下对词汇的识别和语义整合更困难, 这说明慢速读者在词汇加工中更依赖语境且对无关信息的抑制更弱。这些结果支持词汇质量假说。 Abstract: According to the lexical quality hypothesis, high proficient (fast) readers have well-specified lexical representations which enable automatic word identification and less context decoding, while low proficient (slow) readers rely on context for word identification during reading due to their imprecise lexical quality. In contrast, the predictive coding framework assumes that high proficient readers rely more on their reading experience to predict the upcoming context compared to low proficient readers. However, it is still unclear how skilled readers with different levels of reading proficiency rely on context information (e.g., predictability) for word processing during Chinese reading. In two experiments, the present study aimed to investigate individual differences in the use of predictability for word identification by using the eye-tracking technique. In Experiment 1, eye movements of fast and slow readers were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable or unpredictable target words, with the aim to investigate the differences in predictability effects between the two groups. Sixty pairs of predictable-unpredictable target words were selected, each of which was embedded into the same sentence frame. Fifteen fast and 15 slow readers, selected from a group of 66 participants based on their reading rates, participated in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, parafoveal previews of the 60 predictable target words (identical word, visually similar pseudocharacter, unpredictable word or visually dissimilar pseudocharacter) were manipulated by using the boundary paradigm to explore how parafoveal preview influences processing of predictability information in the fast and slow readers. The eye movements of 20 fast and 20 slow readers, selected from a group of 80 participants on the basis of their reading rates, were recorded while they were reading sentences containing predictable target words with different previews in Experiment 2. The results showed that fast readers fixated shorter and less on the target words and were more likely to skip the target words than slow readers. In Experiment 1, although reliable predictability effects with shorter fixations for predictable than unpredictable words were found, it did not interact with reading groups. However, results in Experiment 2 showed robust parafoveal preview effects on the target word which interacted with reading groups. In particular, the two groups had the same first-pass fixation times (i.e., FFD, SFD, GD) at the target words under the identical previews, while slow readers made longer fixations than fast readers at the targets with unpredictable previews or unrelated previews. In addition, fast readers skipped target words at a similar probability under both the identical preview and unpredictable preview conditions, while slow readers were less likely to skip target words with unpredictable previews than identical previews. The current findings indicate that fast and slow readers rely on context to a similar degree during their foveal lexical processing whereas the two groups show different utilization of previews of the predictable word during their parafoveal processing. To be specific, compared to fast readers, slow readers are inefficient in activating the predictable word with a visually similar preview; moreover, slow readers are disturbed more by the unpredictable preview or the visually dissimilar preview for their lexical processing, which suggests that slow readers are less effective in suppressing unrelated or inappropriate information during reading. Such findings provide evidence for the lexical quality hypothesis and are in support of the linguistic-pro?ciency hypothesis related to individual differences in the E-Z reader model. 预测性 中央凹加工 副中央凹预视 快速读者 慢速读者 中文阅读 期刊： 心理学报 分类： 心理学 >> 社会心理学 引用： ChinaXiv:202303.08305 (或此版本 ChinaXiv:202303.08305V1 ) DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.00079 CSTR:32003.36.ChinaXiv.202303.08305.V1 推荐引用方式： 张慢慢,胡惠兰,张志超,李鑫,汪强,白学军,臧传丽.(2023).预测性对快速读者和慢速读者词汇加工的影响.心理学报.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2023.00079 版本历史 [V1] 2023-03-27 15:35:31 ChinaXiv:202303.08305V1 下载全文

［蓄谋已久➕甜宠➕男主暗恋］ 宋听禾，太傅之女，京城第一贵女。 人人都道她竟瞎眼看上了一个庶子，为他求学，助他高升。 宋家落难之时，那庶子趾高气扬道：“一个罪臣之女还想当正妻，妾室已是抬举。” 宋听禾醒悟后，决然离开和魏忌一刀两断。 所有人都在等着她给魏忌认错 等来等去只等到了宋家二娘和摄政王定亲的消息 魏忌不可置信跑去质问 撞见的却是跟在自己身后的小尾巴被当朝摄政王的眼神迷离，双眸通红。 男人平静的眼眸睨着他，发出的声音也生生的扼住了自己的心脏：“魏大人，愣着作甚，我与夫人亲密的戏码还要看多久？” —— 摄政王裴燕京桀骜张狂，人称裴阎罗，见者皆退避三舍。 男人握着她的手说的动情：既是夫妻，本王要的可从来都不是相敬如宾而是日夜耳鬓厮磨。 心意相通之日，男人痛心疾首，一脸幽怨：“你不懂，你喜欢他的时候我嫉妒的发疯

迪丽热巴，出演《一动不动是王八》女二号，档期90天，片酬1200万

前世身为流浪歌手的陈枫穿越了，这一世，娶了明星老婆的他，只想做个普通老师，享受安逸生活。 不料老婆苏雨欣不甘平凡，一心想做天后，甚至为此在经纪人的怂恿下提出离婚。 为了热度，娱乐公司疯狂抹黑陈枫。 软饭男、渣男、没出息！ 面对各种无端指责，陈枫课堂直播唱了一首《可惜不是你》，瞬间爆火全网。 多年后，当苏雨欣冲击金曲奖的时候，陈枫已是评委会主席。 他看着台下的前妻，无奈的摇摇头：“你的歌，空有技巧，没得感情。”

与男扮女装剑尊共梦后》,陶越,情有独钟 甜文 东方玄幻 轻松 高岭之花 HE,主角：白榆，沈宴秋（沈秋） ┃ 配角：闻玉生 ┃ 其它：男扮女装,共梦,1v1,SC,温柔系|最新更新:2026-06-23 21:28:59|作品积分：1136177

这个《大刺客》是我千年来推衍所成，你若能看明白可继续推衍下去。

1950年4月 寡妇许荷花在后山捡了个瘦骨嶙峋的8岁小丫头。 许荷花不识字，正好屋后桃花盛开，索性取名桃花。 邻居大夫是个文化人，直呼俗气，又言四月乃春末，便叫晚春吧。 许荷花自来佩服文化人，又惯会打蛇随棍上，借着取名这点香火情，死皮赖脸将养女塞去曹大夫膝下学手艺。 几年后，更是将曹家唯一的出息儿子扒拉回来做了女婿。 怎一个能耐。 临床医学生许晚春，本硕博连读加规培。 好不容易成住院医师，却因一场意外穿越到了五零年。 成了父母双亡，被亲叔叔抛弃的赔钱货。 看着豆芽菜般的身体，再想到三十年后才能改...

嘴硬心软禁欲姐姐X娇软坚强小写手（双女主，双洁，破镜重圆～） 四年前的雨夜，穷困潦倒的沈蓁捡了个俊美异常的小哑巴，悉心照料，夜夜撩拨。她想她终于不在是一个人了。直到顾家老爷子找了过来，沈蓁才知道小哑巴竟然这么值钱。那时的她没有一丝犹豫，拿了钱彻底从小哑巴的世界消失...四年后，矜贵清冷的顾予书本想狠狠报复沈蓁，可望见她消瘦单薄的身影，终究舍不得她受一点委屈。只是发疯般狠狠将人抵在门后，低声诱哄：“乖，叫姐姐就原谅你。” 我没有感受过来自父母、家人的一点点温暖，是你让我知道我是值得被爱的，踽踽独行的我终于有了归属。——沈蓁

（无系统空间，无CP，家长里短，海边美食，女人互助，送渣男去坐牢改造） 八十岁的宋香兰，儿孙满堂，却活成了一个笑话。 她为了丈夫，为了儿女，操劳一生，奉献出自己的全部， 没想到临了的时候，丈夫为了白月光要和她离婚，还逼她净身出户。 宋香兰来不及愤怒，更诛心的真相被揭开。 原来她疼爱了大半辈子的儿子是丈夫和白月光所生，而被自己厌弃的、已英年早逝的养子才是自己的亲儿子。 愤怒之下，她点燃瓦斯，和所有人渣同归于尽。 再睁眼，宋香兰回到了1977，一切都还来得及。 这一世，谁敢让她不痛快，她就让谁双倍不痛快！ 她要手撕渣男贱女，脚踢白眼狼野种，独宠亲生子女！搞钱！搞钱！再搞钱！