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闻此一生

失败恐惧的形成及对创业行为的影响作者：郝喜玲 1 刘依冉 2 杜晶晶 1 郑方 3 作者单位： 1. 安徽财经大学工商管理学院, 蚌埠 233030 2. 天津大学教育学院, 天津 300350 3. 天津财经大学商学院, 天津 300222 提交时间： 2023-03-28 摘要: 创业活动的高风险性和不确定性导致创业者时常体验失败恐惧。对于创业者而言, 失败恐惧亦敌亦友。已有研究较多关注失败恐惧对创业行为的抑制作用, 忽略了失败恐惧的形成及其对创业行为的激励作用。本研究基于情绪和认知属性分析创业情境下失败恐惧, 认为损失相关和暴露能力不足的创业事件可能诱发失败恐惧, 创业者的执念激情和预防定向能够诱发失败恐惧; 然后, 阐述失败恐惧对创业行为的3种不同影响：激励、抑制和压抑, 并考察创业环境特征对失败恐惧与创业行为的调节效用。本研究拓展了失败恐惧的应用范围和适用情境, 丰富心理学的情绪认知评价理论、情感事件理论和经典压力理论, 也为理解复杂多样的创业行为提供新视角, 深化创业心理与创业行为关系的理论认知。 Abstract: Entrepreneurship is an emotional journey that is companied with fear of failure. Fear of failure can be both an enemy and a friend. It has a dark side of discouraging entrepreneurs from carrying out entrepreneurial activities, and a bright side of motivating them to move forward. Despite mounting research on entrepreneurs' fear of failure, most studies focus on its inhibitory effect on entrepreneurial entry. Few studies pay attention to the facilitating role of fear of failure and how does it influence the key behaviors in the whole process of entrepreneurship. Based on the research gap, the study focuses on the following three research questions. (1) What induces entrepreneurs' fear of failure? (2) How does fear of failure affect entrepreneurial behavior? (3) What are the boundary conditions of fear of failure on entrepreneurial behavior? Following the core logic of Affective Events Theory, the study constructs the theoretical framework of 'entrepreneurial event entrepreneur -- fear of failure -- entrepreneurial behavior', and tries to explore this complex concept together with the insights from practice.This study aims to achieve four research goals. First, we explore the dimensions and contents of fear of failure in entrepreneurship context. From Cognitive Appraisal Theory, fear of failure is an emotional state results from the appraisal of the threats and possibility of failure in a specific situation. We thus capture this concept from two dimensions: sources of threats and ways of appraisal.Second, we investigate the different antecedents of fear of failure and explore how does it evolve in the process of entrepreneurship. According to the assumption of Classical Stress Theory, emotion is shaped simultaneously by the objective event and individuals’ subjective interpretation. We thus focus on two important factors to address the antecedents, i.e. entrepreneurial events such as loss-relevant event and low-capability-relevant event, and characteristics of entrepreneurs, such as entrepreneurs’ passion and ways of regulatory focus. In terms of entrepreneurial events, we propose that loss-relevant event and low-capability-relevant event positively affect fear of failure. In terms of entrepreneurs’ characteristics, we propose obsessive passion and prevention focus induce fear of failure, while harmonious passion and promotion focus inhibit fear of failure.Last but not least, we clarify how fear of failure relates to key entrepreneurial behavior. Existing studies had insufficient attention on the functional role of fear of failure. Endeavoring to start filling in this gap, this paper expounds three different effects of fear of failure on entrepreneurial behavior: incentive, inhibition and repression, looking at both the bright side and dark side of fear of failure. We further disentangle the boundary conditions of the relationship between fear of failure and entrepreneurial behaviors. In the micro level, when entrepreneurs get emotional support, the incentive effect of fear of failure on entrepreneurial behavior would be reinforced. When entrepreneurs get functional support, the inhibition and repression effect of fear of failure on entrepreneurial behavior would be mitigated. In the macro level, when the institutional environment is friendly and the cultural environment is more failure tolerant, the incentive effect of failure fear on entrepreneurial behavior will be increased and the inhibitory effect of failure fear on entrepreneurial behavior will be reduced.This study contributes to an emerging strand of literature on “entrepreneurial fear of failure” by looking deeply into the dimensions of this concept. It also offers novel perspective to understand entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial psychology by taking account into the functional role of fear of failure. The present research not only expands the application scope and applicable situation of fear of failure, but also enriches the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Emotion, Affective Events Theory and Classical Stress Theory. It also tries to shed light on practice by accumulating knowledge on entrepreneurial education and offer suggestions for policy makers on managing entrepreneurial failure. 失败恐惧创业认知创业行为创业事件情绪认知评价理论期刊：心理科学进展分类：心理学 >> 社会心理学引用： ChinaXiv:202303.09658 (或此版本 ChinaXiv:202303.09658V1 ) DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.01551 CSTR:32003.36.ChinaXiv.202303.09658.V1 推荐引用方式：郝喜玲,刘依冉,杜晶晶,郑方.(2023).失败恐惧的形成及对创业行为的影响.心理科学进展.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.01551 版本历史 [V1] 2023-03-28 00:13:49 ChinaXiv:202303.09658V1 下载全文

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【甜宠+回档+1V1+娱乐圈+豪门+伪禁忌】意外去世后，盛晚乔穿成一本娱乐圈文里的恶毒女配，还绑定了回档系统。女配从小被厉家收养，却屡次设计陷害兄长，坏事做尽，最后落得个锒铛入狱的结局。穿越来的她刚好碰上原主设计爬床的情节。身为厉家掌权人，厉淮序从来没把盛晚乔放在眼里。谁曾想，盛晚乔竟然设计爬他的床！药效发作的瞬间，盛晚乔没有继续，反倒是用花瓶敲晕了他。醒来后，厉淮序发现自己的生活发生了改变。刚吃完的早饭，下一秒会重新出现在他面前，刚处理完的工作，又要重新处理一次甚至很多次。他一度怀疑自己被盛晚乔砸出了问题。直到一次颁奖晚会，他发现了端倪。盛晚乔在众人的注视下走完红毯，刚要落座却被绊了个跟头。厉淮序一副看好戏的姿态。谁知下一秒，盛晚乔重新走完红毯，随后优雅落座。厉淮序：？

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考研上岸的许青，终于端上了梦寐以求的铁饭碗。只是，这个饭碗跟他想象的有点不一样，他穿越到一个刚刚亡故的捕快身上。更是被一个身材高挑，黛眉星瞳的俊俏女捕头看中，被对方挑过去当手下。许青原本是拒绝的。直到他看见女捕头随随便便掰断了一根石头做的灯柱…… 女捕头：“我不喜欢勉强别人，你若不愿意跟着我便说出来。” 许青：“卑职愿意，这乃是卑职遵从内心的决定！无有半点勉强之意！” 此书又名：《逍遥小捕快》

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